This proposed panel for the Modernist Studies Association’s 2018 conference in Columbus, Ohio, November 8-11, seeks to expand on recent work in modernism and religion—from Pericles Lewis, Justin Neuman, and Matthew Mutter, among others—by exploring how modernist writers responded to, incorporated, or shaped religious visual culture, defined broadly. If modernist literary production was much more concerned with questions of religion than past scholarship has allowed, what role did religious visual culture play in shaping that engagement? Did modernist writers adapt or incorporate the religious visual culture of the early twentieth century? Did they shape it or produce new examples of it themselves?