'What Does the Poem Think?': Aesthetics, Poetics, and Thought
Two hundred years ago, P. B. Shelley wrote in his Defence of Poetry that the language of poets ‘is vitally metaphorical; that is, it marks the before unapprehended relations of things.’ Poetry, which is ‘not like reasoning, […] creates anew the universe, after it has been annihilated in our minds by the recurrence of impressions blunted by reiteration.’ In this way, Shelley gave enduring expression to what S. T. Coleridge had hinted at three years earlier, when he complained in Pope of ‘matter and diction […] characterized not so much by poetic thoughts, as by thoughts translated into the language of poetry.’ Poetry apprehends, formulates, creates, and cognizes in a manner unique to itself and irreducible to any other forms of reasoning or reflection.