Science Fiction & Disabilities (deadline extension)
The 13th Stella Incognita Symposium
April 2, 3 and 4, 2025
Room Jacques Cartier - Campus Saint Martin d'Hères
Université Grenoble Alpes (France)
Science Fiction & Disabilities
Organizers: Clément Pélissier, Filippo Fonio
Call for Papers
On the surface, science fiction is associated with idealized people and futuristic technology. The reality of science fiction is quite different. The question of capabilities is often at the heart of its themes, and it highlights the weaknesses of characters as well as their strengths. It does not hesitate to evoke stories of complicated lives and complex technologies, with both positive and negative consequences. From Luke Skywalker[1] with his prosthetic hand to Daniel Keyes, who, in Flowers for Algernon, explores the whole spectrum from mental deficiency to genius, the theme of disability is massively present.
The concept of disability itself is broad and multifaceted. French law[2] defines it as follows: “Disability is any limitation of activity or participation in life in society suffered by a person in his or her environment because of a significant, permanent or prolonged impairment of one or more physical, sensory, intellectual, cognitive or psychic functions, a polyhandicap or a disabling health condition”. In fact, a significant portion of the population has some experience with disability. In the same way, science fiction plays with both the lack of abilities and the possession of extraordinary abilities, both of which serve to open up very different horizons of humanity in which the work of identification can be carried out to the full.
Whether physical or mental, sensory or motor, permanent or temporary, visible or invisible, disabilities offer an infinite range of human situations that stimulate the imagination. The protagonist who must cope with or overcome a situation or experience is a classic motif, as is the technical creativity to remedy the situation and its shortcomings. Instead of smooth, perfect characters, science fiction likes to explore weaknesses, flaws, and strangeness. From the mythological Achilles’ heel to Superman’s incapacitating kryptonite, seeing someone triumph over trials is a powerful novelistic springboard. This leads to a whole exploration of differences and reconciliations, desocializations and new relationships, stigmatizations and heroizations.
We are immersed not only in personal stories (love, friendship, family, etc.), but also in intertwined social and technological stories. Whether dealing with extraordinary abilities, lack of abilities, or shifts in abilities, these fictions imagine ways of acting, perceiving, and feeling the world and other people. The most powerful, like the Hulk, turn out to be the most emotionally unstable. The overcompensation of limits is often imagined, as in the case of Professor Xavier of the X-Men, who is erected as a sovereign figure on his mobile throne. Or Daredevil, a blind superhero with superhuman sensory abilities. The most remote among us, like Pr. Tournesol in Tintin, are also the most endearing, often inadvertently providing a key element. The most disinherited, like Gally in Gunnm, happen to be the ones with the richest heritage. The most asocial, like Li-Cam’s Virgo[3] or Octavia Butler’s Lauren Oya Olamina[4], are the most connected to the emotions of others. The mirror effect tells us about our own fluctuating abilities. Of course, the question of extraordinary abilities and lack of abilities echoes the question of power and how to learn to use it, and also, inevitably, the question of duty and the proper use of those abilities.
Without going back very far in history, Maurice Renard’s Les Mains d'Orlac[5] (1920), which has been adapted several times for the screen, is the complex story of a double hand transplant in which the author pays close attention to the functional, identity, and symbolic implications. In the mid-twentieth century, Cordwainer Smith’s classic cycle The Lords of the Instrumentality featured several characters with disabilities, as did Bernard Wolfe’s Limbo (1952). In more recent times, the theme of disability has been very present, especially in television shows and in films: The Bionic Woman (1976-1978), Ghost in the Shell (1995, 2004, 2017), Iron Man (2008, 2010, 2013), Avatar (2009, 2018), ReGenesis (2004-2008), etc.
These few glimpses of the theme of disability in science fiction show that it cuts across all cultural areas, that it is addressed in both popular and more scholarly culture, that it is constantly enriched and deepened, and that the works concerned have often won awards, underscoring the quality of the artistic treatment as well as its human significance.
The field of disability thus offers a wide and diverse range of perspectives. For this reason, we emphasize that this call is open to people from all disciplines. It is also open to all types of media (novels, comics, TV series, films, video games, role-playing games, art, etc.). Finally, it is open to corpa from different cultural areas (Europe, America, Asia, etc.) and historical periods.
In addition to the symposium, a book on the topic will be published. The book will be overseen by a reading committee.
Proposals must include:
- A title
- An abstract of 300-500 words
- A short introduction of the proposal (2 to 5 lines) by the author
They should be sent to the following two addresses:
Schedule:
- Submission Deadline: December 1, 2024
- Response Date: January 15, 2025
- Subscription to the Stella Incognita Association: January 15 - April 2
- Conference Dates: April 2-4, 2025
Venue:
- Salle Jacques Cartier - Campus Saint Martin d'Hères – Grenoble Alpes University, France
- Tramway C – stop at « Bibliothèque Universitaire »
Scientific Committee:
Clément Pélissier, Filippo Fonio, Danièle André, Ugo Bellagamba, Natalia Chumarova, Jérôme Goffette, Hervé Lagoguey, Samuel Minne, Jean-Sébastien Steyer, Natacha Vas-Deyres.
Some bibliographical references
Studies
Allan (Kathryn): Disability in Science Fiction: Representations of Technology as Cure, Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, Springer, 2015, https://books.google.fr/books?id=LXUhAQAAQBAJ
Allan (Kathryn), Cheyne (Ria): « Science Fiction, Disability, Disability Studies: A Conversation », Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, Liverpool University PressVolume 14, Issue 4, 2020, pp. 387-401
Bellin (Joshua David): Framing Monsters: Fantasy Film and Social Alienation, Carbondale, Southern Illinois UP, 2005
Bennett (DeeDee): « Scientific eventuality or science fiction: The future of people with different abilities », Futures, Volume 87, March 2017, Pages 83-90, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016328716300131
Bennett (Roger), Vijaygopal (Rohini): « Exploring mobility and transportation technology futures for people with ambulatory disabilities: A science fiction prototype », Technovation, Volume 133, May 2024, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166497224000518
Bérubé (Michael): « Disability and Narrative », PMLA, Cambridge University Press, octobre 2020, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/pmla/article/abs/disability-and-narrative/2B3BC2CD099F84E2C0E70BF7D9C38399
Bretel (Alexandre): « Corps reconfigurés ou corps augmentés ? Techno-imaginaire de la figure du cyborg chez les personnes en situation de handicap », Quaderni 2022/1 (n° 105), pages 19 à 34, https://www.cairn.info/revue-quaderni-2022-1-page-19.htm
Callus (Anne-Marie), Grech (Victor): « Disabilities and Extraordinary Abilities in Science Fiction », Foundation, Vol. 50, N° 140, 2021, pp. 18-31
Carr (Diane): « Bodies That Count: Augmentation, Community, and Disability in a Science Fiction Game », Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, Liverpool University Press, Volume 14, Issue 4, 2020, pp. 421-436
Cascarino (Adrien): « Les Méta-Barons, des cyborgs subversifs ? », ReS Futurae, n° 14, 2019, https://journals.openedition.org/resf/3776
Chauvaud (Frédéric), Mellier (Denis): « Corps handicapés et corps mutilés dans la BD », Les rencontres d’Angoulême : penser et comprendre la bande dessinée. Corps handicapés, corps mutilés dans la bande dessinée, Nov 2017, Angoulême, France. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2020
Cheyne (Ria): Disability, Literature, and Genre: Representation and Affect in Contemporary Fiction, Liverpool UP, coll. « Representations: Health, Disability, Culture and Society », 2019
« Disability Studies (Special Issue on) », MOSF Journal of Science Fiction, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2019, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/52615e54e4b051d1915a8890/t/60250e6b4959b675e9b20268/1613041269676/V3N2+Disability+Studies+Special+Issue+.pdf
Dronkert (Leonie): « Cripping Collaboration: Science Fiction and the Access to Disability Worlds », Medical AnthropologyCross-Cultural Studies in Health and Illness, Volume 42, 2023 - Issue 8, pp. 720-736, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01459740.2023.2230345
Flynn (Susan): « The Future is Fixable: Convention and Ableism in Science Fiction », MOSF Journal of Science Fiction, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2019, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/52615e54e4b051d1915a8890/t/60250e6b4959b675e9b20268/1613041269676/V3N2+Disability+Studies+Special+Issue+.pdf#page=76
Gibson (Richard): « Graphic illustration of impairment: science fiction, Transmetropolitan and the social model of disability », Medical Humanities, 46 (1), mars 2020, https://mh.bmj.com/content/46/1/12.full
Goffette (Jérôme) (dir.): Science-fiction, prothèses et cyborgs, BoD - Books on Demand, 12 nov. 2019
Grim (Olivier Rachid): « Mutatis mutandis [1]La figure du mutant comme paradigme de la condition humaine », Enfances & Psy, 2011/2 (n° 51), pages 37 à 47, https://www.cairn.info/revue-enfances-et-psy-2011-2-page-37.htm
Hladki (Janice): « Hazardous Futures and Damned Embodiments: Disability and White Masculinization in Science Fiction Film », Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, Liverpool University PressVolume 14, Issue 4, 2020, pp. 453-467
Holder (Matthew): « Imagining Accessibility: Theorizing Disability in Disabled People Destroy Science Fiction », Disability Studies Quarterly, 40 (3), 2020
Hottois (Gilbert): « Le transhumanisme dans la science-fiction. La science-fiction à l’avant-garde des questions philosophiques et éthiques », Futuribles, 2017/5 (N° 420), pages 63 à 77, https://www.cairn.info/revue-futuribles-2017-5-page-63.htm?contenu=article
Jerreat-Poole (Adan): « Virtual Reality, Disability, and Futurity: Cripping Technologies in Half-Life: Alyx », Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, Liverpool University Press, Volume 16, Issue 1, 2022, pp. 59-75
Kunz Westerhoff (Dominique): « Toi, cyborg ? L’hybridation prothétique dans la nouvelle de science-fiction », ReS Futurae, n° 16, 2020, https://journals.openedition.org/resf/8554
Kuppers (Petra): « ADAPT in space! Science fiction and disabilityStorying interdependence », in Bree Hadley, Donna McDonald (dir.) : The Routledge Handbook of Disability Arts, Culture, and Media, Routledge, 2018
Lee (Regina Yung), McCormack (Una) (dir.): Biology and Manners: Essays on the Worlds and Works of Lois McMaster Bujold, Liverpool UP, 2020
Li (Amy S.): « Disability Studies in Science Fiction and Fantasy », Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies, Liverpool University Press, Volume 14, Issue 4, 2020, pp. 493-496
Li (Haihong): « Subversive texts: Illness and Disability in contemporary Chinese science fiction », MOSF Journal of Science Fiction, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2019 p. 24-39
Miles (Martina Lynne): Pain in parallel places: Interventions in disability studies and science fiction, thèse, University of Oregon, 2015
Moser (Ingunn): « De la normalisation aux cyborg studies : comment repenser le handicap », Cahiers du Genre, 2005/1 (n° 38), pages 127 à 162, https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-du-genre-2005-1-page-127.htm
Pinçonnat (Crystel): « Littérature pour la jeunesse et diversité humaine. Privilégier la voix des auteurs en situation de handicap ? », Amnis, revue d’études et sociétés contemporaines Europe-Amérique, n° 22, 2023, https://journals.openedition.org/amnis/8468
Raphael (Rebecca): « Disability as Rhetorical Trope in Classical Myth and Blade Runner », Classical Traditions in Science Fiction, Oxford UP, 2015, pp. 176-196, https://www.academia.edu/45074452/_Disability_as_Rhetorical_Trope_in_Classical_Myth_and_Blade_Runner_
Serves (Plume D) : « Pour une SF crip », Multitudes, 2024/1 (n° 94), pages 151 à 152, https://www.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2024-1-page-151.htm
Smith (Susan Ursula Ann): Shifting (A)Genders: Gender, Disability and the Cyborg in American Women’s Science Fiction, thèse, University of Lesicester, 2010, https://figshare.le.ac.uk/articles/thesis/Shifting_A_Genders_Gender_Disability_and_the_Cyborg_in_American_Women_s_Science_Fiction/10105604
Smith (Susan): « ‘Limbitless Solutions’: the Prosthetic Arm, Iron Man and the Science Fiction of Technoscience », Medical Humanities, December 2016, Volume 42, Issue 4.
Stanton (Courtney): Project(ing) Human: Representations of Disability in Science Fiction, Vernon Press, 2023, https://books.google.fr/books?id=q727EAAAQBAJ&dq=disability+%22science+fiction%22&lr=&hl=fr&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Steiner (Philip Albert): « Disability in Science Fiction Literature: A Reflection on Technology and Mental Disabilities », MOSF Journal of Science Fiction, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2019 p. 20-22
Stemp (Jane): « Devices and desires: science fiction, fantasy and disability in literature for young people », Disability Studies Quarterly, 24 (1), 2004.
Tweed (Hannah): « Disability in science fiction: representations of technology as cure », Disability & Society, Volume 30, 2015 - Issue 6, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09687599.2015.1020641
Tyrrell (Brenda): « H.G. Wells’s “The Country of the Blind”: Anticipating Medical Models of Disability », Science Fiction Studies, #132, Volume 44, Part 2, July 2017, https://www.depauw.edu/sfs/notes/notes132.html
Vanderhooft (JoSelle) (dir.): Shattering Ableist Narratives: The WisCon Chronicles Vol. 7, Seattle, WA: Aqueduct Press, 2013, https://www.aqueductpress.com/books/978-1-61976-042-4.php
Verlager (Alicia): Decloaking disability : images of disability and technology in science fiction media, thèse, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2006, https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/39143
Wälivaara (Josefine): « Marginalized Bodies of Imagined Futurescapes: Ableism and Heteronormativity in Science Fiction », Culture Unbound. Journal of Current Cultural Research, Vol. 10, no 2, p. 226-245, https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1260097/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Literary Works
Andrevon (Jean-Pierre): Les Hommes-machine contre Gandahar, 1969
Ballard (James Graham): Crash, 1973
Crispin (A.C.), O’Malley (Kathleen): Silent Dances, 1990
Denis (Sylvie): Jardins virtuels, 1995
Keyes (Daniel): Flowers for Algernon, 1959
McMaster Bujold (Lois): Barrayar, 1991
Moon (Elizabeth): The Speed of Dark, 2002
Smith (Cordwainer): « Scanners Live in Vain », 1950 ; « The Planet Shayol », 1961
Varley (John): « Blue Champagne », 1981
Vonnegut (Kurt): « Harrison Bergeron », 1964
Wolfe (Bernard): Limbo, 1952
Comic Books
Bilal (Enki): Trilogie Nikopol, 1980-1993
Davidson (Al): The Minotaur’s Tale, 1992
Drake (Arnold), Premiani (Bruno): Doom Patrol, 1963-
Everett (Bill), Lee (Stan): Daredevil, 1964
Forest (Jean-Claude): Barbarella, 1962-1964
Kirby (Jack), Lee (Stan): X-Men, 1963-
Filmography
Cameron (James): Avatar, 2009
Jones (Duncan): Mute, 2018
Kershner (Irvin): The Empire Strikes Back, 1980
Knight (Steven): See, série télévisée, 2019-2022
Kubrick (Stanley): Dr. Strangelove, 1964
McBrearty (Don): Riddler’s Moon, 1998
Niccol (Andrew): Bienvenue à Gattaca, 1997
Roddenberry (Gene): Star Trek: The Next Generation, série télévisée, 1987-1994
Romero (George A.): Monkey Shines, 1988
Taniguchi (Gorō): Code Geass, série télévisée, 2006-2007
Whannell (Lee): Upgrade, 2018
Video Games
Hellquist (Paul): Borderlands 2, 2012
Hudson (Casey): Mass Effect, 2007
Inafune (Keiji): ReCore, 2016
Takahashi (Tetsuya): Xenoblade Chronicles, 2010
[1] Kershner (Irvin): The Empire Strikes Back, 1980.
[2] Law of February 11, 2005 on equal rights and opportunities, participation and citizenship for people with disabilities. (Article LR 44 Code de l’action sociale et des familles)
[3] La Chimère aux ailes de feu (2012) [The Chimera with Wings of Fire]
[4] The Parable of the Sower (1993)
[5] The Hands of Orlac
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